Paradigm Generator

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Paradigm Generator

Indicative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltem	om t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltet	ot t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalta	ok/ogeʃ t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltena	ona/ogəna t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalteda	oda/ogəda t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltat	ogət t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte

Indicative Simple Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəʃəm	ʃəm t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəʃət͡ɕ	ʃət͡ɕ t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəʃ	əʃ t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəʃna	əʃna t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəʃda	əʃda t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəʃt	əʃt t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte

Indicative Simple Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltenam	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten oməl
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltenat	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten otəl
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten ogəl
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltenːa	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten onal/ogənal
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltenda	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten odal/ogədal
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltenət	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten ogətəl

Indicative Compound Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltem əʎe	om t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte əʎe
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltet əʎe	ot t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte əʎe
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalta əʎe	ok/ogeʃ t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte əʎe
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltena əʎe	ona/ogəna t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte əʎe
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalteda əʎe	oda/ogəda t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte əʎe
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltat əʎe	ogət t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte əʎe

Indicative Compound Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltem ulmaʃ	om t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte ulmaʃ
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltet ulmaʃ	ot t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte ulmaʃ
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalta ulmaʃ	ok/ogeʃ t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte ulmaʃ
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltena ulmaʃ	ona/ogəna t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte ulmaʃ
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalteda ulmaʃ	oda/ogəda t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte ulmaʃ
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltat ulmaʃ	ogət t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte ulmaʃ

Indicative Compound Past III

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltenam əʎe	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten oməl əʎe
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltenat əʎe	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten otəl əʎe
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten əʎe	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten ogəl əʎe
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltenːa əʎe	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten onal/ogənal əʎe
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltenda əʎe	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten odal/ogədal əʎe
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten əʎe	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten ogətəl əʎe

Indicative Compound Past IV

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltenam ulmaʃ	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten oməl ulmaʃ
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltenat ulmaʃ	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten otəl ulmaʃ
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten ulmaʃ	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten ogəl ulmaʃ
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltenːa ulmaʃ	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltenda ulmaʃ	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten ulmaʃ	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten ogətəl ulmaʃ

Imperative

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte	it t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəʒe	ənʒe t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
1PL:	(t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltena)	(ona/ogəna t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte)
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəza	ida t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəʃt	ənəʃt t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte

Desiderative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltənem	ənem t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltənet	ənet t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəneʒe	əneʒ t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltənena	ənena t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəneda	əneda t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəneʃt	əneʃt t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte

Desiderative Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltənem əʎe	ənem t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte əʎe
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltənena əʎe	ənet t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte əʎe
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəneʒe əʎe	əneʒ t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte əʎe
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltənena əʎe	ənena t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte əʎe
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəneda əʎe	əneda t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte əʎe
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəneʃt əʎe	əneʃt t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte əʎe

Desiderative Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltənet ulmaʃ	ənet t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte ulmaʃ
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəneʒe ulmaʃ	əneʒ t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte ulmaʃ
1PL:	/	/
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəneda ulmaʃ	əneda t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte ulmaʃ
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəneʃt ulmaʃ	əneʃt t͡ɕyt͡ɕalte ulmaʃ

Non-finite forms

Infinitive:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltaʃ
Necessitive infinitive:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəman
Active participle:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəʃe
Passive participle:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəme
Future-necessitive participle:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəʃaʃ
Negative participle:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltədəme
Affirmative instructive gerund:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕalten
Negative gerund:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəde
Gerund of prior action:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəmek(e)
Gerund of future action:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəmeʃ(ke)
Gerund of simultaneous action:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəʃəla
Nominalization:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltəmaʃ
Negative nominalization:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltədəmaʃ


The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.
Last update: 10 August 2023